Mathematical Simulation of Indoor Wireless Networks

Maximum capacity of wireless network requires for optimum location of communicators, their correct configuration and preset operation modes. Solution of this problem inside buildings, where usually numerous transmitters operate in one frequency range, is impossible without computer aided tools of wireless network planning. One of the most important elements of automated system of wireless network planning, which provides accuracy of the obtained results, is a mathematical model of communication channel. Peculiar features of electromagnetic wave indoor propagation are restriction of wireless routes by various obstacles and diversity of signal propagation ways caused by its numerous reflections. Existing computer aided systems of automated wireless network planning are based on statistic model of radio wave propagation, which impairs reliability of the obtained results. This work demonstrates advantages of application of waveguide model of communication channels upon planning of indoor wireless network. According to this model overall structure is split into building blocks. In order to obtain rough estimations of the calculated parameters a building block can be presented by a group of similar rooms or even overall structure interior. In order to improve the accuracy of calculation a single room or even its sufficiently uniform portion should be considered as a building block. Each block is characterized by coefficient of bulk energy loss in it and coefficients of energy leakage via separating walls. Equations are developed for these coefficients, which enable their calculation by preset shape and pattern of block filling, as well as by thickness, dielectric permeability and conductance of wall material. Electromagnetic filed in building blocks is presented by superposition of natural waves propagating in them. In this regard solution, obtained using the waveguide model of signal indoor propagation, is close to asymptotic approximation at infinitely high amount of considered waves. The proposed Mathematical Simulation of Indoor Wireless Networks 4002 approach has been applied upon planning of wireless networks for indoor data transmittance in various structures (educational, administrative, trading), varied greatly in their designs, type of internal and external walls. In all cases the experimental and calculated data agree well.